DRD can cause an individual to exhibit various signs and symptoms. Most common signs of DRD observed in affected individuals generally include poor spelling, slow reading or less fluency, and language-based difficulties, such as pronunciation or word finding. Individuals with DRD may also have problems with particular abilities necessary for learning, which often include difficulty with rhyming and separating sounds that eventually make up a proper sound for the spoken words.

Other symptoms include trouble with handwriting, poor spelling, difficulty in reading quickly, problems with correct expression, and understanding the written word. The early reading skills of a child are based on word recognition, primarily involving a child separating the sounds in words and matching them with their characters (letters) or groups of characters. Such difficulty in connecting language sounds to letters of the words makes it difficult for an individual to understand the sentences; for example, an affected individual may be confused between the letters “b” and “d.”

Causes of developmental reading disorder
The reading disability is not known to be caused by a single factor. Research studies show developmental reading disorder is connected with the brain’s inability to recognize and decipher printed words’ language or sound aspects. Thus, reading disability in individuals often occurs when there seems a problem in the areas of the brain, which play crucial roles in the interpretation of the language. Possible causes of a reading disability are as follows:

Emotional disorders.

Brain diseases.

Intellectual disability.

Infections affecting brain development.

Diagnosis and treatment of developmental reading disorder
A doctor usually requires ruling out various possible causes of learning disorders, especially developmental reading disorders. Healthcare professionals generally perform a medical exam, including neurological examination, to know the state of the brain’s development in an individual. It is then followed by a set of questions about the individual’s development, school, and social performances. In addition, it is also essential for the doctor to know about the patient’s family history in this regard. Sometimes, psychological testing and assessment can also be done to make the diagnosis of the developmental reading disorder.

DRD is not entirely curable. However, individuals can try to overcome certain problems, thereby improving their reading abilities. Every affected individual requires a different strategy to deal with the reading disability to treat the condition. Individuals with DRD often require remedial instruction (or extra learning assistance), individual or private tutoring, and special day classes as a part of their special education plan. Many students with DRD have poor self-esteem; thus, positive reinforcement is vital for improving their condition. Even psychological counseling of individuals with DRD can prove to be helpful in their treatment therapy. Those with reading disabilities could benefit from assistive technology, including speech-to-text programs, text-to-speech programs, or audiobooks. These technologies help them read and improve their comprehension skills; however, they need early and intensive instructions to obtain better outcomes.

DRD can cause an individual to exhibit various signs and symptoms. Most common signs of DRD observed in affected individuals generally include poor spelling, slow reading or less fluency, and language-based difficulties, such as pronunciation or word finding. Individuals with DRD may also have problems with particular abilities necessary for learning, which often include difficulty with rhyming and separating sounds that eventually make up a proper sound for the spoken words.

Other symptoms include trouble with handwriting, poor spelling, difficulty in reading quickly, problems with correct expression, and understanding the written word. The early reading skills of a child are based on word recognition, primarily involving a child separating the sounds in words and matching them with their characters (letters) or groups of characters. Such difficulty in connecting language sounds to letters of the words makes it difficult for an individual to understand the sentences; for example, an affected individual may be confused between the letters “b” and “d.”

Causes of developmental reading disorder
The reading disability is not known to be caused by a single factor. Research studies show developmental reading disorder is connected with the brain’s inability to recognize and decipher printed words’ language or sound aspects. Thus, reading disability in individuals often occurs when there seems a problem in the areas of the brain, which play crucial roles in the interpretation of the language. Possible causes of a reading disability are as follows:

Emotional disorders.

Brain diseases.

Intellectual disability.

Infections affecting brain development.

Diagnosis and treatment of developmental reading disorder
A doctor usually requires ruling out various possible causes of learning disorders, especially developmental reading disorders. Healthcare professionals generally perform a medical exam, including neurological examination, to know the state of the brain’s development in an individual. It is then followed by a set of questions about the individual’s development, school, and social performances. In addition, it is also essential for the doctor to know about the patient’s family history in this regard. Sometimes, psychological testing and assessment can also be done to make the diagnosis of the developmental reading disorder.

DRD is not entirely curable. However, individuals can try to overcome certain problems, thereby improving their reading abilities. Every affected individual requires a different strategy to deal with the reading disability to treat the condition. Individuals with DRD often require remedial instruction (or extra learning assistance), individual or private tutoring, and special day classes as a part of their special education plan. Many students with DRD have poor self-esteem; thus, positive reinforcement is vital for improving their condition. Even psychological counseling of individuals with DRD can prove to be helpful in their treatment therapy. Those with reading disabilities could benefit from assistive technology, including speech-to-text programs, text-to-speech programs, or audiobooks. These technologies help them read and improve their comprehension skills; however, they need early and intensive instructions to obtain better outcomes.