Kazakhstan anti-corruption legislation
Corruption is a major challenge which is not only reversing the economic gains of any country but also affecting the growth and development of democratic leadership. Corruption takes many forms, with anti corruption agents coming up with varied criteria within which graft can be defined. Amidst the continuing debate, numerous legislations are being developed on a daily basis to mitigate the ever changing face of corruption. This implies that within the existing legal frameworks in a majority of countries, there exist legal Loopholes which corruption agents exploit. Exist statutes are characterized by ambiguities, errors, gaps and inconsistencies in some of its provisions. This creates the necessary environment for selfish and fraudulent officials to manipulate the law for self enrichment9.
Generally, Corruption is defined as the illegal acquisition of property, advantages, privileges and benefits by state officials directly or indirectly by taking advantage of the powers vested in their offices10Â 11. As a legislative measure the Republic of Kazakhstan has developed a number of anti-corruption legislations to curb corruption within and without its territorial boundaries12. These legislations are meant to protect the freedoms, rights and security of its citizens emerging from all forms of corruption. It is also meant to protect the integrity of the state agencies and other stakeholders mandated to perform various functions on behalf of the state13. This is by means of detecting and suppressing corruption related offences. It also categorizes the various forms of corruption and relevant penalties14. This was after the realization of the fact that corruption is a major obstacle in the social, economic and even political development of the country.
