Hypotheses Concerned with Perception Essay

Hypotheses Concerned with Perception:
There are various hypotheses associated with the perception of sensory information and the theories include top-down processing theory and bottom-up processing theory.

Top-Down Processing Theory: The theory suggests the top-down processing of the perceived stimulus and it describes the need for past experiences and the previous knowledge for accessing and understanding the sensory information gathered from the environment. The reality of an individual is constructed based on the collected information and the environment.

Bottom-Up Processing Theory: The bottom-up theory suggests the influence of the innate mechanisms in the perception of stimuli and the theory describes the lack of significance of the previously collected information. The perception mechanism is critical for surviving in the environment and thus describes that the mechanism is completely evolutionary in nature.

Visual Perception:
The internal visual perceptional capacity is found to vary for different individuals. Some of the people are found to experience darkness during the closure of the eys and some are found to experience dynamic and colorful imagery. The hallucinogenic drugs are found to have the potential to elevate thus capacity to consciously stimulate the perceptions developed in the brain. The visual perception is supported by the activity of the pineal gland, which is found to discharge a chemical called the N, N-Dimethyltryptamine for supporting the generation of the internal visual images employing the sensory data stored in the regions of the brain. The neurochemical evidence is found to support this hypothesis of visual perception. The lack of the development of mental imagery is called the aphantasia. The mental imagery encompasses mental visualization and daydreaming.

Propositional Theory: The theory suggests the storage of the images in the structure of a generic propositional code, which is found to store the concept of the image and not the image. These codes are identified to be symbolic or the descriptive aspect of an image and the codes are conveyed back to visual and verbal code for the generation of the mental image in the mind.

Dual-Code Theory: The visual imagery mechanism is found to be explained through various theories including the dual-code theory, which is developed by Allan Paivio, and the theory suggests the employment of alternate codes for the development of visual images in the brain. The codes encompass the image code and the verbal code. The image code is developed during the thinking of the image of objects of images and the verbal code or logogens is employed for the thinking of the word of an object.

Functional Equivalency Hypothesis: The mental images are described as the internal representations in the functional-0equivalency theory and the process is found to take place similar to the observation of the physical objects. The image formed during the perception is the same as the mental image according to this theory.