Development in the amperometric biosensors led to the formation of screen-printed
The successful conclusion to be drawn from this information is that, the less hydrophobic monomer gave the best immobilization efficiency and that the glucose bioelectrode gives a particular reaction to ascorbate, urate and acetaminophen in a particular concentration.4
Another type of amperometric biosensors was developed. These resulted in yet another category of amperometric biosensors that have a basis on apparent direct electron transfer between electrodes and immobilized peroxidases. According to this method, enzymes and electricity play a part in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide starts at about +600mV as compared to a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) at neutral pH.
It was analyzed from this experiment that the efficiency of electrocatalytic current is dependent on the applied potential. As the applied potential or strength of the solution increases or is made more negative up to -200 mV as compared to SCE, the efficiency of the current increases. Such electrodes are very useful for making hydrogen peroxide amperometric biosensors.5
New types were introduced as progress in amperometric biosensors took place. The new ones were more advanced and allowed analysts test samples which were not possible with the previous amperometric biosensors. Three methods for these biosensors were formed in which enzymatic determination of glucose was checked. The bilayer polymer coatings consisted of polypyrrole (PPy) and poly (o-phenylenediamine). The electrode substrate was responsible for introducing a significant amount of variation in the process of electrode construction.
These bore significant results as they generated improved selectivity against the interruption from electroactive acids such as ascorbic acid and uric acid6. These acids are mostly found in biological samples. This is not only helpful for the analysts, but it is a great source of knowledge and information for those who are interested in scientific experiments. They can include student groups and various analysts. With the help of the development procedures in the amperometric biosensors, they can test the samples and their minute details as they wish.7
Development in the amperometric biosensors led to the formation of screen-printed amperometric sensors for the quick measurement of L- and D- amino acids. This was a step further in the development as these could measure the amount of particular type of amino acids plus this procedure took lesser time. The electrode which has to perform the main task is coated with rhodinised carbon. This makes sure that hydrogen peroxide oxidation can take place at a reduced functional level and immobilized enzyme.
Except for the two amino acids i.e L- and D- proline, the device reacted to all the 20 common L- and D-amino acids8. These devices were easily reproducible and showed that they were stable for more than 56 day test period. The main benefit however, lies in the fact that they were a basis of good comparison with the standard photometric amino acid test and was also used to control the effects of milk ageing. This experiment is time efficient and very easy
